The tiles in Lisbon go beyond mere decoration; they are an essential part of Portuguese cultural identity. These artistic elements not only embellish the city but also tell stories and portray deeply rooted traditions.
The word “azulejo” comes from the Arabic term “azzelij”, meaning “polished stone.” Although tiles are also found in countries like Italy, Spain, Turkey, and Morocco, nowhere else has this art gained as much cultural and artistic significance as in Portugal.
History of Tiles
Tiles arrived in Portugal in the 15th century, influenced by Islamic traditions, and over the centuries, they have incorporated Renaissance, Baroque, and even Dutch elements. They became widely used to decorate house facades, palaces, churches, and public spaces, becoming an essential feature of urban architecture. In Lisbon, tiles are an iconic representation of different artistic styles and historical periods.
National Tile Museum
To better understand this unique art form, a visit to the National Tile Museum is a must. Located in the former Madre de Deus Convent, founded in 1509 by Queen Leonor, the museum impresses both for its vast collection and for the beauty of the building itself. The convent’s church, richly decorated with gold leaf and tilework, is an artistic masterpiece.
The museum’s collection spans from the 15th to the 21st century, showcasing the evolution of Portuguese tile art. In addition to its permanent exhibits, contemporary pieces from factories and independent artists are displayed in temporary exhibitions.
Tiles in Lisbon
In Lisbon, tiles can be found everywhere – in viewpoints, metro stations, church facades, and important buildings. In the Alfama district, tiles depicting saints are often placed at the entrance of houses for protection. At the Monastery of São Vicente de Fora, a massive tile panel depicts the conquest of Lisbon in 1147, showing Christians scaling Muslim-built walls in intricate and dramatic detail.
In the Bairro Alto and Chiado neighborhoods, many buildings feature tile facades that tell historical stories. The Church of São Roque and the Casa Ferreira das Tabuletas also showcase impressive tilework with intricate designs and vibrant colors.
Exploring Lisbon is a unique opportunity to discover this fascinating art spontaneously, admiring each detail and the history that tiles unveil.
